Harmonious Society

Harmonious Society
Harmonious Society
Traditional Chinese	和諧社會
Simplified Chinese	和谐社会
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	héxié shèhuì
IPA	[xɤ̌.ɕjě ʂɤ̂.xwêɪ]

The Harmonious Society (also known as Socialist Harmonious Society) is a socioeconomic concept in China that is recognized as a response to the increasing alleged social injustice and inequality emerging in mainland Chinese society as a result of unchecked economic growth, which has led to social conflict. The governing philosophy has therefore shifted around economic growth to overall societal balance and harmony.^[1] Along with a moderately prosperous society, it was set to be one of the national goals for the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

The concept of social harmony dates back to ancient China, to the time of Confucius. As a result, the philosophy has also been characterized as a form of New Confucianism.^[2]^[3]^[4] In modern times, it developed into a key feature of CCP general secretary Hu Jintao's signature ideology of the Scientific Outlook on Development developed in the mid-2000s, being re-introduced by the Hu–Wen Administration during the 10th National People's Congress.

The promotion of the "Harmonious Society" demonstrated that Hu Jintao's ruling philosophy had departed from that of his predecessors.^[5] Near the end of his tenure in 2011, Hu appeared to extend the ideology to an international dimension, with a focus on the international peace and cooperation, which is said to lead to a "harmonious world". The administration of Hu's successor, Xi Jinping, has used the philosophy more sparingly, in favor of emphasizing his vision of the Chinese Dream.

^ "China's Party Leadership Declares New Priority: 'Harmonious Society'". The Washington Post. October 12, 2006. Archived from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2011.
^ Guo And Guo (August 15, 2008). China in Search of a Harmonious Society. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-7391-3042-1.
^ Bell, Daniel A. (September 14, 2006). "China's leaders rediscover Confucianism - Editorials & Commentary - International Herald Tribune". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
^ RošKer, Jana S. (November 29, 2013). "The Concept of Harmony in Contemporary P. R. China and in Modern Confucianism". Asian Studies. 1 (2): 3–20. doi:10.4312/as.2013.1.2.3-20. ISSN 2350-4226.
^ Zhong, Wu. October 11, 2006. "China yearns for Hu's 'harmonious society'." Asia Times.

[1] "China's Party Leadership Declares New Priority: 'Harmonious Society'". The Washington Post. October 12, 2006. Archived from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2011.

[2] Guo And Guo (August 15, 2008). China in Search of a Harmonious Society. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-7391-3042-1.

[3] Bell, Daniel A. (September 14, 2006). "China's leaders rediscover Confucianism - Editorials & Commentary - International Herald Tribune". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved February 22, 2017.

[4] RošKer, Jana S. (November 29, 2013). "The Concept of Harmony in Contemporary P. R. China and in Modern Confucianism". Asian Studies. 1 (2): 3–20. doi:10.4312/as.2013.1.2.3-20. ISSN 2350-4226.

[20061011atimes-5] Zhong, Wu. October 11, 2006. "China yearns for Hu's 'harmonious society'." Asia Times.

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